Contraception
There are several types of contraception, including pills. Pills affect a woman's hormone levels to prevent the ovaries from releasing a mature egg (ovulation).
Pill works mainly by stopping ovaries from releasing an egg each month (ovulation). They also increase the thickness of the natural mucus at the neck of the womb, making it more difficult for sperm to cross from the vagina into the womb, as well as thinning the womb lining (endometrium), making it more difficult for any successfully fertilized eggs to implant there.
Short-Acting Contraception Using Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills
- Drospirenon dan Etinilestradiol1
This contraceptive pill contains the combination of two hormones: Ethinyl estradiol, a synthetic Estrogen, and Drospirenone, a synthetic progesterone, which work together to protect against pregnancy.
This pill also has non-contraceptive benefits:
- improvement in symptoms such as bloating, swelling or weight gain related to fluid retention
- more regular and lighter periods which potentially may result in a decrease in anemia (iron deficiency)
- a decrease in period pain
- improvement of appearance related to acne associated with hormonal imbalance
A 21-day pill regimen comprising of 21 days of daily consumption, followed by 7 pill-free days. And there’s also a 28-day pill regimen comprising of 24 days of active pill. Followed by 4 days of placebo pill.
- Etinilestradiol dan Levonorgestrel2
This contraceptive pill contains two hormones: Ethinyl estradiol 0.03 mg and Levonorgestrel 0.150 mg that are similar to the natural hormones, estrogen and progesterone, which are produced by a women’s body.
This pill work mainly by stopping ovaries from releasing an egg each month (ovulation). They also increase the thickness of the natural mucus at the neck of the womb, making it more difficult for sperm to cross from the vagina into the womb, as well as thinning the womb lining (endometrium), making it more difficult for any successfully fertilized eggs to implant there.
Short-Acting Contraception Using Single Hormone
- Levonorgestrel3
This contraceptive pill contains hormone Levonorgestrel 0.03 mg, a synthetic progesterone that is used in a progesterone only pill (POP). Since this pill contains progestin only, so it’s considered to be safer for breastfeeding mothers.
Long-Acting Contraception
- Intrauterine Device (IUD)1
IUD is small device that is placed inside your uterus (womb) to prevent pregnancy. Effective and reliable, lasting for 5 years or more.
T-shaped plastic device. This device has a string that hangs from the cervix into the vagina. In Indonesia, IUDs are also popularly known as the 'spiral contraceptive.
How it works: Inside the uterus, the IUD slowly releases copper, which inhibits the movement of sperm, preventing it from reaching the egg. This device does not stop ovulation each month. If any sperm manage to reach the egg (although this is very rare), the copper will prevent the fertilized egg from attaching to the uterine wall.
How to use it: The IUD insertion process takes 15-20 minutes and can only be done by a trained healthcare provider. You will be given local anesthesia beforehand.
- Intrauterine System (IUS)1
IUS is small device with hormones that is placed inside your uterus (womb) to prevent pregnancy. Effective and reliable, lasting for 3 years or more.
T-shaped plastic device, about the size of a coin, containing the hormone progestin.
How it works: Inside the uterus, the IUS slowly releases progestin, which inhibits the thickening of the uterine lining, so that a fertilized egg cannot implant in the uterine wall. In addition, the IUS also thickens the mucus in the cervix to prevent sperm from entering the uterus.
How to use it: The IUS insertion process can only be done by a trained healthcare provider. You will be given local anesthesia beforehand.
Referensi :
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18389090
2. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1058- 967/levonorgestrel-ethinyl-estradiol-oral/levonorgestrel- ethinyl-estradiol-non-cyclic-contraceptive-oral/details
3. Goulding Alison N., Wouk Kathryn, and Stuebe Alison M., Contraception and Breastfeeding at 4 Months Postpartum Among Women Intending to Breastfeed. Breastfeeding Medicine. January 2018, 13(1): 75-80.
Further info, visit: www.bicarakontrasepsi.com
IG & FB Bicara Kontrasepsi
Advice for Patients: Each body reacts differently to medicines. Therefore, it is impossible to tell which medicine works best for you. Please consult your physician.
COR-GEN-ID-0005-1
